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` 2 sneetsfrshevet1. K Jf W. HAMMETT. Apparatus for M'akingfWellS. No. 224,182. Paten'fecl Feb. 3, Isso.

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vPatented Feb. 3,1880.

J. W. HAMMB'TT. Apparatus for Making Wells. No. 224,182.

ATTORNEYS.

WITNESSES c UNITED i,

PATENT QFFICE.

JAMES WEAMMETT, oF vvILLovv ISLAND, WEST VIRGINIA.

vAPPARATUS FOR' MAKI NG, WELLS.

srEcrEIcA'rIoN forming part ofLetters Patent No. 224,182, dated February e, i880.

IApplication filed June 5, 1879. I

To all whom Vtt may concern Be it known that I, JAMES W. HAMMETT,

new and Improved Apparatus for Making Wells, of which the following is a, specification.

Figure l` is a vertical sectional-levation Vof a completed well with water-drawer in -position. Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the device for emptying the water from ythe bucket. Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional elevation oi"` the auger in position. Fig-4 is a sectional eleva-, tion of a section of tubing for'the bottomof the well. pleted Well on linel w fr. Fi 6` is a partially sectional elevation of the reamer. Fig. 7 isa partially sectional elevation bf the sand-pump.

Fig. 8 shows a sectionalfeljvation of the shapelevation ofthe same,in is a cross-Section of thelsame as it is being rolled up prior to its withdrawal from the well. Fig. 11 is a Vperspectivejelevation of a key.

Similar letters of reference indicate'correspending parts.

ing-tube with keys inf posx'izion. Fig. 9 is an The object of thisoinventionisto provide 'y simple and eectiv apparatus for making wells, which appar f -consists of several distinct parts or tools anat must co-operate to et'- 1 feet the purpose aimed at.

The invention consists, first, of the auger, as

shown in Fig. 2, which consists of apipe or tube, 1

A, ten or twelve inches in diameter, Vor thereabout, and about threefeet long, to which a The lower part of the shaft Cis bent aside and liattened, so as to touch the inside of the tube A and lie up closeagainst it, and the end is v drawn out and bent to form a curved cutter or Fig. 5-is a cross-sibtiofn of the com# rspective. Fig. 10

borer, f', the upper portion of which falls Y withinthe tube, while the lower portion eX- of Willow Island, in the county of Pleasants and State of West Virginia, haveinvented a j tends `below the tube and laterally beyond it.

It will be observed that by this arrangement the cutter is made to cut below and laterally beyond p the tubeA, .so that the latter may easily settle downward as the work progresses; and it will :also be observed that this device admits of the free. passage-of air, mud, and Water, so as to prevent suction when the tool is drawn up forany purpose.

g The valve g may be held inthe socket b", as

shown in Fig. 3,.while the cutter is in operation, and'when the cutter is withdrawn within the tube' the hinged `portion of the valve will fall and close .the bottom of the tube, so that when 'drawn up it will carry theearth that has been cut away.

The auger is operated by means of a derrick, in which it is suspended by a rope that passes` over a sheave in the top thereof` and i leads toA afdrum that is turned by a crank, to

raise or lower the auger and regulate the feed when boring. It is revolved by `means of -wrenches secured to the shaft. l

The device for tubing the lower part of the well is Ishown in Fig. 4, and consists of a tube j of wood, iron, or stoneware of required length and diameter, and intended to be placed almost or entirelyunder water. To sink this tubeD the cutter is removed from the tube -A andl set within it so that the upper edge of the cutting'part shallbe wedged between the side of thetube and the block h', that is 3 fastened on the inside of it; then the lid or shorter and smaller tube, B, is centrally secured in one end bycross-bars a. The tubeAis also provided with a'sheatlr or socket, b', that runs cam It is slipped over the cutter-shaft and pressed down closely into the corresponding notches in the upper.` edge of the tube, and secured byla set-screw. This deviee is then lowered into the well and sunk to its place, as was the auger when boring. A

When the earth fills the tube to the lid or cover the cutter, and cover may be withdrawn,

leaving the tube at the bottom ofthe well.`

Itis vdesigned to tube or line the restrof the well with hydraulic cement, and for this purpose is provided `the sheet-iron tube or cylinder shownin Figs. 8 and 9.V This cylinder E consists of a sheet of iron bent around `so' thatits edges are brought nearly together. Next is provided a strip of wood furnished IOO with projecting metallic bosses or catches l', which is called the guide F. This guide is applied to the cylinder E in such a manner that the catches l on one face ot' it shall enter the opening between the cylinder edges; the keys mi' are then thrust into the catches and forced down, so that their projecting pins t shall embrace between them the longitudinal strips u', that are riveted or otherwise secured along the inner edges of the cylinder, and thus prevent it from spreading apart while at the same time drawing the guide F closer against it. The cylinder is then ready for insertion in the well.

It. will be observed that on the outside of the cylinder are a number of bosses, n. These are designed to hold it from the walls of the well and regulate the thickness ot the cement lining.

When the cylinder is set into the well so that it rests upon the tube D the cement is mixed and poured down around it luntil it forms a continuous wall to the top of the well.

This cylinder is in lengths corresponding with and is connected to the shafting by a square collar, of, through which the shaft passes.

In order to remove this cylinder from the well after the cement is in place and well set, the keys m are withdrawn by pulling on the cords attached to them; then the shaft-ing is given one turn back, which will cause the cylinder to come away t'roin the well-lining and curl around the shafting, as shown in Fig. 10, and leave the guide F n'rmly fixed therein; then one operator will hold the shaft with a wrench, so that it shall not turn, while another will slip the guide-board p of the water-drawer down upon the catches of F; then t-he cylinder can be withdrawn from the well without danger of its catching on the guide.

The cylinder should have a coating of clay or mold dried upon it before it is inserted in the well, which will cause it to separate readily from the well-lining.

The shorter tube G, Fig. 6, is intended as a reanier, and is to be used, when desirable, immediately on striking water and before placing the tube D at the bottom of the well. To make use of this reamer the cutter is taken from the hollow auger and its shaft passed up from the open end through the square hole in the head until the upper part of the cutter comes within the tube; t-hen the shaft is fastened at the side of the reamer-tube with acord passed through the holes in its side, as shown at g. A collar and set-screw are then applied at the top of the tube around the shaft to hold it firmly.

This device is to be operated in the same manner as is the auger.

The water-drawer, Figs. l and 2, consists of a bucket, H, with a valve in the bottom, through which it is to be filled and emptied, and a weight, I, hung over a sheave in the standard K.

On the top of the well-tube is a hinged spout or cover, L, Fig. 2, having a central vertically-projecting pin, r. On the raising of the bucket this cover is turned down, and the bucket then lowered, so that the pin shall open the valve in the bottom to allow the contents to escape.

The sand-bucket M, Fig. 7, is operated in the same manner, and used until allsand is removed from the well.

The box or conductor N, in which moves the weight I, 'is completed by attaching the grooved piece s to the guide-board p', as shown.

I am aware that a bucket provided with a valve in the bottom operated by a pin, and a sand-pump closely resembling mine have been used before, and that neither a hollow auger with sliding shafts, nor the use of derrick, wrenches, set-screws, and crab are newin this connection; henceI do not broadly claim them; but,

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The within-described anger, consisting of tube A, provided with cross-bars a', socket b', and spring c', tube B, provided with collars d', and shaft'C, whose lower end is formed into or provided with a cutter, f', substantially as herein shown and described.

2. The combination ot' the tube D, provided with block h', shaft C, cutter f', and lid or cam k', substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purposes set forth.

3. 1n the construction ol' a well, the cylinder E, provided with square collar o', strips u u', and bosses u u', in combination with the guide F, provided with, catches l l', and the keys m m', provided with pins t t', substantially as and for the purpose described.

4. The box or conductor N, consisting of guide-board p', guide F, and grooved piece s', substantially as herein shown and described.

5. The within-described reamer, consisting of tube G, shaft C, cutterf, and cord g', substantially as herein shown and described.

6. For making wells, the combination of the within-described auger-valve g', tube D, with its attachments, cylinder E, conductor N, reamer, water-drawer, spout, and sandbucket, substantially as herein shownand described.

` JAS. w. HAMMETT.

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